top of page

The Dementia Series: Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome

Writer's picture: Allan Rowe, LCSWAllan Rowe, LCSW

Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome is a type of alcohol-related dementia discussed last week. It is a combination of Wernicke encephalopathy and Korsakoff syndrome. Both of these illnesses can be caused by excessive drinking which leads to low thiamine (vitamin B1) levels.


Wernicke Encephalopathy: Confusion, a common symptom of most dementias, is presented by those with Wernicke encephalopathy. Ataxia, or difficulty coordinating voluntary movements is another symptom. Individuals may also appear to have bizarre facial expressions shown in their eyes. This is caused by ophthalmoparesis, which is a weakening of muscles that control eye movement (or ophthalmoplegia, when those muscles are fully paralyzed). About 10% of individuals with Wernicke encephalopathy will have all three symptoms.


Korsakoff Syndrome: Amnesia and explicit memory problems are signs of Korsakoff syndrome. Individuals may also present with confabulation. Confabulation is an error in memory recall. Individuals may look as though they are making up lies, but in their reality, they are making true statements.


Risk Factors: Excessive alcohol use, poor nutrition, bariatric and other surgeries, head injuries, and chronic infections can all lead to Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome.


Prognosis: Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome is not reversible, but early interventions can alleviate symptoms. If left untreated, memory loss can become permanent, and the disease can be fatal.


Treatment: Vitamin B1 tablets and injections can be used to increase thiamine. Improving nutritional intake and therapy for alcohol use disorder can help improve symptoms.


A nutritionist gives a thumbs up while holding three tomatoes.
A nutritionist may be consulted in the treatment of Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome.

Check back next week to learn about mixed dementia!


If you or someone you know is struggling with or suspected to have dementia, please reach out. You can click the "Request an Appointment" button or call (504) 356-1469.

Recent Posts

See All

Comments


bottom of page